Sunday, 23 August 2015

Bibi Fatima Ka Rauza in Bangladesh



Bibi Ka Rauza in Dhaka(Bangladesh)

Dr.Mazhar Naqvi

Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, has the distinction of having over 400- year old shrine of Bibi Fatima with a unique legend supported by historical facts. Built by one Amir Khan in 1600 CE and located in Farashganj locality, the shrine is known as ‘Bibi Ka Rauza’. Local Imamis believe that the shrine is the permanent abode of the blessed soul of Bibi Fatima, daughter of holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad , wife of Maula-E-Kainat Hazrat Ali and mother of Hasnain. Annau Jalais in his work ‘Bengali Bihari Muharram: The Identitatarian Trajectories of a Community’ has given due prominence to the legend associated with the shrine. Quoting a middle aged woman Ruqaiya Begum in an interview conducted in 2008,Jalais has written “ Bibi Fatima has announced that her soul would not remain in Arabia and will go to Hindustan(Bangladesh was once part of Hindustan) as women were treated well there. It is believed that her soul floated down through Buri Ganga River to Farashganj where a shrine was erected in her honor .Since then it is being kept and revered as Bibi Ka Rauza.” The author has not given any exact date as to when actually Bibi’s soul reached Farashganj but historical facts duly support the reason for Bibi’s indifference towards the land where her holy father had received divine revelations and propagated Islam as God’s messenger.

On the basis of facts mentioned in authentic sources like Sahih Muslim, Sahih Bukhari and Ibn al-Hadid, it can be concluded with certainty that caliph Abu Bakr and Umar Farooq had harassed, saddened and angered Bibi Fatima after the death of Prophet.  Ibn Abi al-Hadid, after consulting a number of accounts on the issue, summed up ““The truth for me is that she died upset at Abu Bakr and Umar and she stated this in her will that the two of them must not pray upon her.”Likewise, Sahih Muslim and Sahih Bukhari also mentions, “Abu Bakr refused to hand over anything from the properties Fatima was demanding, to Fatima, who got angry at Abu Bakr for this reason. She forsook him and did not talk to him until the end of her life.” Further, the attack upon her house and the miscarriage of her third son Janab-E- Mohsin, deteriorated her health. Bibi Fatima, who was given the title Al-Zahra and referred to as Khatoon-E-Jannat, passed away within three months after the death of prophet. These facts supplement the legend linked with her shrine even though its creation shrouds in mystery for want of historical evidence. But acceptance of the legend is so powerful that it is considered to be a place of   great reverence. 

During Muharram ‘Paiks’(Messenger of Janab-E-Sughra) make it a point to visit the shrine and shout Ya Hussain –Ya Hussain there. The caretaker also reveals that the shrine has been visited by the ambassadors of Iraq, Egypt, Iran and Pakistan. Bibi Ka Rauza was the most famous Imami site before the erection of Hussaini Dalan by Syed Mir Murad in 1642 in Bakhsi Bazar. May be Bibi wanted the memorial of her son to be more popular who saved Islam by offering the greatest sacrifice ever recorded in the history of mankind. The original structure of the shrine has been replaced by new additions. The shrine was heavily damaged during the riot of 1946 and only portion of its Naubatkhana’ survived the wrath of rioters. The damaged portions were re-erected later. Prior to it, a Parsi named S.M.Doshanji had renovated the aging Imambara in 1861.He did so out of his affection for Janab-E-Shaharbanu who was a Zoroastrian before her conversion to Islam and subsequent marriage with Imam Hussain.(References available on request)



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