Thursday 10 September 2015

Imambara Built by Nawab Siraj-ud-Daula



An Old painting depicting Nizamat Imambara in the Extreme Right.(Courtesy Google Image) 

Dr.Mazhar Naqvi

The defeat at the battle of Plassey has overshadowed all the good deeds of Nawab Siraj- Ud- Daula. He is usually remembered by the terms used for him by his vanquisher Robert Clive who portrayed him  "as a monster of vice, cruelty and depravity.” As his defeat marked the beginning of British rule in India, even Indians like the Britons who were responsible to overthrow his legitimate regime consider him as an arrogant, hot headed, impatient and indecisive ruler. Holding such opinion about Siraj is a grave injustice. A careful look at his life reveals that he was victim of betrayal and instead of indecisiveness; he should be blamed for believing people too easily whereas as a ruler, Siraj should have not trusted his own shadow even. Siraj did so and paid a very heavy penalty. He was not only defeated and executed but also failed to get the place he deserves on the pages of history. Instead of being considered as a freedom fighter, he is referred to as a weak ruler whose lack of wisdom paved way for British empire on Indian soil. What an irony? Tipu Sultan did exactly what Siraj did decades before him. But Tipu is remembered with reverence and people flock at his grave near Mysore while Siraj lies in a simple grave besides his illustrious grandfather Nawab Alivardi Khan in Khoshbagh of Murshidabad, former capital of undivided Bengal. Perhaps no one goes to Siraj’s grave to place even a rose bud on his death anniversary on July 2.

Grave of Nawab Siraj- Ud -Daula 
The last Nawab of independent Bengal Mirza Muhammad Siraj- Ud-Daula however shares one strikingly common factor with Tipu. Born to Zain ud-Din Ahmed Khan and Amina begum, daughter of Alivardi Khan in 1733, Siraj also revered ‘Ahlebait’ like Tipu. He even surpassed Tipu in terms of exhibiting his love for Imam Hussain. While Tipu restricted him to issuance of coins in the name of Imams and got the books of his library stamped with the seal containing the names of holy Panjatan, Siraj built a magnificent Imambara in Murshidabad in the most pious manner.  He bought bricks and mortar and laid the foundation of the building with his own hands. The plot where the Imambara was erected was dug up to a depth of 6 feet. It was refilled with soil brought from Mecca so that Muslims unable to undertake Hajj for want of funds could feel the experience of the holy city in Murshidabad. Besides other materials, Siraj however placed heavy reliance on the use of wood in the construction of wood. The structure, known as old Nizamat Imambara survived gracefully and served as a center of Azadari  even after the death of Siraj. But it caught fire in 1842 and a party of Imambara was destroyed. A fire completely destroyed it on December 23, 1846. That unfortunate day, the ruling Nawab along had thrown a party to celebrate the weaning ceremony of five-year-old Hassan Ali Mirza. The Imambara caught fire at midnight due to the fireworks left off to entertain the European guests. Nothing survived except the old Madina Mosque. The fire also gutted the relics that were installed by Siraj at the Imambara.
A new Imambara replaced the one erected by Siraj and destroyed by fire in a record time of 11- months. Nawab Nazim Mansur Ali Khan ordered its construction in 1847 under the supervision  of Sadiq Ali Khan at a cost of more than Rs.6 lacs. The new Imambara is 680 feet long and its central block with Madina mosque is 300 feet long. The new structure was built some feet away from the site of the old building in north. The Imambara today is considered to be one of the largest in the world and stands opposite to the Hazarduari Palace on the banks of the Bhagirathi River. It becomes the hub of mourning ceremonies after the sighting of Muharram moon every year. (References available on request.)


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